Human papilloma virus

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is found exclusively in the basal layer of the skin and its reproduction takes place in the upper layers.This disease is characteristic of its chronic form with periodic recurrence.

More information about HPV, its description

The HPV has been infected with over half of the world population.Some of them are simply carriers of the disease, while in others this virus manifests itself as papillomatosis of the skin, mucous membranes.Sometimes this viral disease can be the pathogen of cell cancer.The HPV is an infection from the Papovaviridea family, which can infect and change epithelial cells.This benign neoplasm is formed in any body area:

• neck;
• under the chest;
• On the stomach;
• face;
• on the genitals;
• in axillary cavities;
• on the mucous membranes of the oral, nasal cavities, the lips;
• on mucous membranes of internal organs.

This infection belongs to intracellular parasites that are unable to reproduce independently and use the cells of the human body for this.The virus introduces its DNA into human chromosomes and therefore parasitic for a long time.With a decrease in immunity, it is possible to observe a considerable activation of this disease.This fact determines the need to treat the HPV.The development of this infection occurs in body cells, but it can also exist outside it, but not long.Being in the cells of a living organism, it causes a failure in their division.

Period of incubation and development phases

The virus incubation period is different.This type of virus is characterized by a hidden current.The subclinical form of the course of the disease is characteristic of the appearance of a uncorgoting during a simple examination of rashes that cause discomfort to the patient in the genital area.You can immediately be infected with different varieties of papillomavirus.Under the influence of some factors, the virus is activated and begins its reproduction and the disease enters the period of clinical manifestations.In 90 % of cases in six months a year, in some cases, a chronic recurrent path can occur with a high probability of malignancy (depending on the type of viruses).The disease proceeds in four phases (phases):

Phase 1 (initial) - latent course of Papillomavirus infection.The virus is in the body, but does not appear, it does not cause transformation into cells.At this stage, it can be identified by the PCR analysis;

2 - Clinical signs arise - in the form of growths on the skin.The virus causes an accelerated division of epidermal cells.At this stage, the virus is detected during the PCR, cytology and histology (detected by the presence of hyperkeratosis);

3 - Dysplasia.The structure of the cells (colocytosis) changes - this is visible under a microscope, since the virus DNA begins to interact with DNA cells and causes the development of the form so called and integrated.For diagnosis, PCR, cytology and methods of histology, as well as colposcopia;

Phase 4 - carcinoma.The development of the virus causes cell mutation and the presence of malignant cells.Invasive cancer is formed.The diagnosis occurs in all the above methods and on clinical manifestations.

Types of HPV

More than one hundred types of HPV are determined that infect the urogenic tract of a person who affects the epithelium of the skin and the mucous membranes of the genital organs - 35 species.For all types of HPV, a classification based on the types of manifestation, rashes and other skin manifestations is used.Tennare HPV with a description seems to be this:

• Different types of warts for their appearance, the HPV type 1-5 is responsible;
• True of Subanaries (they look like a corn) -1-4 types of HPV.Usually it is formed in those places where seeds or compression occur.In such places, the skin becomes thicker and when it is pressed it causes unpleasant sensations.These warts do not exceed and need surgical removal.There are two subspecies of foot warts.A species emerges in depth in the fabric and hurts a lot, the other type resembles multiple growths, as if they glued to each other - this type of warts does not bring almost a feeling of pain
• Flat warts - 3, 5, 10, 28, 49 types.Very often, the palms, the face are surprising.Usually they are found in young people and for this this type of warts is called young.The body often faces this infection;
• Ordinary minutes - 27 type of HPV;
• Vulgo of the warts - type 2 viruses (as a rule, the body itself faces this type of virus).Is transmitted in a domestic way;

• The spicy warts that affect the vagina, the vulva, the genitals, the cervix, the uterus, the anus, in men can be at the head of the penis, on the skin of the foreskin, also their position in the respiratory tract - types 6, 11, 13.18, 33, 35;
• HPV at highly oncogenic risk, causing a precancerous condition - 39 type;
• There is the well -founded epidermodisplasia.It can be of two types: called HPV 5, 8, 47 - For skin cancer in 9 out of 10 cases, this virus is in the patient's blood, another type caused by HPV 14, 20, 21, 25 so it is so it causes benign neoplasms;
• Laganingal papillomatosis - type 11 virus. Usually transmitted from mother to child, but it is possible to infect with oral sex.It causes difficulty with swallowing, the Rauca voice, if the amount of papilloma is great, breathing worsens;
• Bowenoid Papulez.This species is caused 16, sometimes 18, 31-35, 42, 48, 51-54 with the types of HPV.Very often, representatives of the male half that have many sexual partners may occur.Externally, these formations seem to have semicircular or flat growth with a smooth or rough surface, the color is different, from completely light to almost black.The disease can go by itself, it is a type of neo -info virus.

HPV symptoms and details in men, women and children

In order to overcome the infection in the early stages, human immunity is quite strong.Very often, the disease does not develop and a person does not even suspect the presence of HPV, since external symptoms may not appear.But after some time (months or years), some signs of HPV infection can occur.Statistics indicate only 5-10 % of those who have external symptoms of HPV (human papillomavirus).The disease proceeds asymptomatic: most of the sick have no signs of the disease.When activating the virus, it can occur in various types of various types of various types in the body.Location places also speak of the type of virus.For example, the papillomas have the shape of soft growing growth (wireless warts) that are attached to the leg, the color may not differ from the color of the skin, but it is also pigmented.Balch -shaped growth may appear, soft to the touch of the pink color.

In women, the details of the course of the disease are such that the development of the disease can occur in a hidden form, but sometimes it causes the formation of genital papillomas.Being infected by the virus, a woman cannot observe any symptoms until the beginning of the menopause, at this moment the virus can cause the evil of the cells of the mucous membrane of the genital organs.To prevent the development of cervical cancer caused by the presence of HPV, regular exams by the doctor will help.Since externally this disease may not manifest itself.In children, under the influence of the virus, warts on the skin can develop, the papillomatosis of the larynx (usually in a chronic return form).The papillomatosis of the larynx causes breathing problems, up to suffocation syndrome.The brick of the skin are present in 12 % of schoolchildren, this is the most common dermatological disease in children.

HPV and pregnancy

The HPV in a pregnant woman is not the most dangerous disease for herself and the child not yet born.The mother waiting should be wary only if he has found 6 or 11 VPV (causing genital or anal conditions), which, when transmitted to the newborn, can have consequences in the form of respiratory papillomatosis.In the presence of a condition in this quantity or places that interfere with the expulsion of the fetus, it is possible to prescribe Caesarean, since during normal birth, air conditioning can cause the development of bleeding.All other forms of papilloma (non -fired injuries) are not hazardous for the child himself and for the course of pregnancy.

Diagnostics and to whom you have to contact

The following research methods are used to diagnose the papillomavirus:

• personal examination of the patient;
• blood test;
• colposcopy;
• TsyTology Smear-Papa Test;
• Tissue histology;
• PCR is a polymerase chain reaction.This analysis allows not only to know the presence of a virus, but also to determine its type.But if the analysis is positive, this does not mean that this type of HPV will not go by itself.This analysis also determines all types of papillomavirus;
• urethroscopy;
• biopsy.

If there are no external signs in the form of a rash, the patient does not have complaints and the presence of HPV DNA is determined only by analysis: it can come from transitional viral infection (a person is a carrier).Due to the fact that the HPV can be the cause of the diseases of different organs, if present, doctors of various directions.In the presence of warts on the skin of the face and body, they turn into a dermatologist.With planar warts - to a dermatologist or surgeon.With condition in men - for the urologist (surgeon), for women - to the gynecologist (surgeon).If the condition are present in the anus area, it is necessary to contact a proctologist.If an epidermodisphelia of Verruca is suspected, then to a dermatologist or oncologist.Larainga papillomatosis requires an appeal to an otorinolaryngology or a surgeon, boenoid papulose: it is necessary to contact a urologist or a venereologist.A differential diagnosis with diseases such as micropapillomatosis, vestibular papillomatosis - are also required, unlike the HPV, they do not require treatment, since with the similarity of external signs they are a variant of the anatomical rule.The deciphering of the regulatory values of the blood exam will be shown by the absence of HPV.

Treatment

So is it completely treated by HPV or not?Today, a single antiviral drug that can remove HPV from the body is not known.Different interferons and other drugs of this series: they only reduce existing condition, but do not reduce the frequency of new ones.The main treatment method is the removal of papillomas.The main removal methods are as follows:

• surgical.It is performed under local anesthesia;
• Surgical radio.A tumor is cut with a radio wave electrode, the vases are coagulated.After an antiseptic bandage is made;
• laser.This method is without contact and without blood.A crust remains in the place of removal, under it, healing occurs.The disadvantage of the method is the high risk of recurrence of the disease, a relatively high price and the need to grind the remaining scars;
• Electrocoagulation.According to the results and effectiveness, it is similar to the two previous ways;
• Critocoagulation.The complete removal of papillomas occurs after several sessions.

Although with the help of these methods, the external manifestations of the virus are completely removed, this is not considered an absolute disposal of infection, but only relative, since a person does not stop being a virus carrier and after a wart period it can occur again.There is no universal method of inoperative treatment for all categories of patients (men, women and children).Only laser removal can be considered an alternative.But when they apply it, there is a risk of tumors of malice (malignancy) papillomas.After the operation, the patient is prescribed by the infusion of a dose of steroid drug, which prevents swelling and antibiotics are also prescribed to avoid the infection of the wound.During therapy, the HPV should completely stop sexual life up to a complete cure, as well as conducting an exam and, if necessary, a treatment, a partner.

Home treatment and popular remedies

In addition to traditional treatment methods, I use others that are officially recognized as medicine and that can be performed at home:

• Processing of warts with salicylic acid.Every day, warts should be treated with an acid solution (15-20%).This method has a disadvantage: the processing should be performed for a rather long time;
• Cream processing.They are lubricated with warts three times a week.But if used, it is possible to feel itching, erosion, skin redness is possible;
• Retinoids in the form of a cream.Elaborate the warts for - 12 weeks.Its use is also prohibited during pregnancy;
• Injection to the center of the infection once every 7 days, within 3-4 weeks. Use is prohibited during pregnancy;
• Cauterizing warts, papillomas and destroying pathogenic microbes.The wart should be constantly developed within an hour.Then a break is made for a week and the processing is carried out.If the papilloma does not disappear, after 14 days another processing is performed and therefore no more than 4 procedures.It is forbidden to use in senile warts and in pediatrics;

If we talk about care with purely popular remedies, then the use of calandins has gained great popularity.His juice is treated with a wart several times a day.When it is dark, the dark skin is removed and continues to spread further until the wart is completely removed.

Disease prevention

The main prevention measures are considered:

• compliance with personal hygiene in public places;
• compliance with a healthy lifestyle, maintaining immunity;
• A permanent sexual partner, in sexual intercourse with an untreated partner: use a condom;
• sufficient intake of vitamins;
• lead sexual life not before 18 years, when the cervical mucosa is already mature and can protect itself;
• Avoid the artificial termination of pregnancy and approximate sex;
• Over time, treat inflammatory diseases.

During vaccination, some side effects can be observed in the form of deterioration, fever, redness of the skin in the place of introduction of the vaccine.